Inferences about association

Inferences about the strength of association between variables are made using a random bivariate sample of data drawn from the population of interest.

• Correlation not Causation
  Do not be fooled into thinking a significant correlation implies you to make statements about causation.
• Parameter estimate
  A parameter estimate is either a point or interval estimate of the unknown population correlation coefficient.
• Correlation/association hypothesis test
  A hypothesis test formally tests if there is correlation/association between two variables in a population.